What is emotional eating?
Emotional eating is a behavior in which food consumption is used to cope with intense feelings rather than just to satisfy physical hunger. It often involves consuming food to deal with feelings like stress, boredom, sadness, or loneliness and may involve overeating, undereating, or eating particular foods.
Emotional eating may present as eating comfort foods in response to negative emotions or even in response to positive ones, like celebrating with food during happy occasions. While consuming comfort foods in moderation may be an adaptive coping strategy, repetitive emotional eating may significantly impact physical and mental health over time.
The cortisol spike associated with emotional distress can trigger 'emotional hunger,' where food cravings occur even if the individual is not physically hungry. Emotional eating patterns are sometimes learned in childhood, especially if food is used to reward, punish, or soothe children.
In some cases, eating in response to emotions can become a deeply ingrained habit, where reaching for food becomes an automatic response to certain emotional cues. Conditions like depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders can influence eating behaviors, often leading to ongoing, self-perpetuating emotional eating habits.
- Binge eating: Eating large amounts of food quickly, often without being hungry.
- Stress eating: Consuming food in response to stress or anxiety.
- Mindful eating: The practice of being fully aware and present while eating, paying attention to the eating experience and the body's cues.
- Intuitive eating: A philosophy of eating that makes you the expert of your body and its hunger signals.
Dietitians, therapists, or clinical psychologists may help individuals understand their emotional eating patterns. Addressing emotional eating typically involves learning to differentiate between emotional and physical hunger, developing a healthy relationship with food, managing stress, practicing self-compassion, and finding healthier coping strategies.










